Transcendentalism in Civil Disobedience - 3710 Words

Dannheisig 1 Jan-Hendrik Dannheisig Susanne Hamscha, M.A. Re(dis)covering America: Emerson, Thoreau, and American Democracy 10 April 2012 Transcendentalism in Civil Disobedience Thoreaus Politics of Individuality and Nature Dannheisig 2 Contents Introduction 1. Transcendentalism a. Nature b. Introspective Conscience and Politics 2. Political Individualism a. Ethical and Political (In)justice b. Critique of Democracy Conclusion Bibliography 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Dannheisig 3 Introduction Henry David Thoreau was part of a movement called American Transcendentalism. To illuminate Thoreaus understanding of democracy, political action and justice this paper will focus on the influence transcendentalism had on his ideas and†¦show more content†¦The project was financially unsuccessful and eventually failed when some of the buildings burned down.4 The Transcendentalist movement did not have one direction that it followed but was by definition only in agreement over the fact that nature is the remedy to societal disfiguration. To transcend societal restraints means to refocus on what the real and natural behaviors and convictions are. The easiest way to understand what is natural to a Transcendentalist is to comprehend what is not. To Emerson secularization and the development of fascination with science and the intellectualism that grew with it bore dangers to the individual and its personal formation. A development away from the individ ual experience of ones surroundings and towards the study of empiric studies would create structures of knowledge that are unquestioned by its students who believe that only what is written is true. Roles imposed on the individual by society and its institutions impeded individual expression and freedom, restricted choice, and ultimately resulted in self-alienation.5 A lot of the influence that formed transcendentalist thought came from Romanticism. The understanding that sense is more important than intellect andShow MoreRelatedThe Roots Of Transcendentalism And The United States1481 Words   |  6 Pagesstandards, and suspected people needed to fight the government by practicing civil disobedience. People who shared these ideas became to be known as Transcendentalists as they were struggling to define spirituality and religion in a way that took into account the new understandings their age made available; the main contributors to the ideas of this period were Emerson, Whitman, a nd Thoreau. The roots of Transcendentalism can be traced back to the early 19th century to a religious movement calledRead MoreTranscendentalism1409 Words   |  6 PagesTranscendentalism was a huge cultural movement in the nineteenth century; however, the ideas of the movement still continue to influence our society in the twenty-first century. These ideas of Transcendentalism have continued to exist throughout many years because the ideas remain relevant to society. In fact, the problems that many Transcendentalist writers encountered still happen today in new forms. These similar problems include conformity, the role of government in society, and the importanceRead MoreEarly American Transcendentalism1204 Words   |  5 PagesEarly American transcendentalism has one of the greatest influences towards American society because it is not only a philosophy, but also a religion and physical progression. During the early nineteenth century, Ralph Emerson, Henry Thoreau, and other rad ical individuals challenged the present day theories of values, ethics, and what it means to live life to the fullest (Timko). If early American transcendentalists were living among civilians today, would present day civilians think the earlierRead MoreWalden and Transcendentalism Essay1545 Words   |  7 PagesWALDEN AND TRANSCENDENTALISM Henry Thoreau’s masterpiece, Walden or a Life in the Woods, shows the impact transcendentalism had on Thoreau’s worldview. Transcendentalism is a philosophy that asserts the primacy of the spiritual over the material. Transcendentalism puts the emphasis on spiritual growth and understanding as opposed to worldly pleasures. Thoreau’s idea of transcendentalism stressed the importance of nature and being close to nature. He believed that nature was a metaphorRead MoreEssay on The Political Principles of Thoreau807 Words   |  4 Pagessocial philosopher and writer was not fully recognized until the twentieth century. Ironically, Civil Disobedience, the anti-war, anti-slavery essay for which he is probably best known, has become a manual for social protest by giving support to the passive resistance of Mohandas Gandhi, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., and other conscientious objectors (Paul 233). Thoreau’s Civil Disobedience was mainly a protest against slavery: I cannot for an instant recognize the political organizationRead MoreMartin Luther King, And Nelson Mandela1678 Words   |  7 Pagesnineteenth-century transcendentalist movement, while Alexander Hamilton had his political career prior to the movement. Joseph Stalin is different, his political philosophy he follows was created at the same time as the transcendentalist movement, leading transcendentalism to not be widespread. One historical figure that was a transcendentalist thinker was Martin Luther King. King displays these transcendental ideas in his philosophies, such as his Triple Evil philosophy and Six Principles of Nonviolence philosophyRead MoreCivil Disobedience By Henry David Thoreau969 Words   |  4 Pages Transcendentalism is an idea that expresses the individuality of a person and his differing beliefs from the current societal opinions. This idea had a few articles written about it such as â€Å"Civil Disobedience† by Henry David Thoreau which in summary states that if you don’t agree with the society’s opinion, you should form your own and fight for it. Another writing about it is â€Å"Self Reliance† by Ralph Waldo Emerson which also basically states that you should follow your heart and not conform toRead MoreTranscendentalism: The Antidote to Brainwashed Youth Essay697 Words   |  3 PagesWhen I was first exposed to the concept of Transcendentalism in my English class, the idea seemed farfetched and rather abstract. Upon further readings and research, I discovered that the concepts, although they originally seemed esoteric, where works of true brilliance. Society has made it hard for individuals to exist when things like popular culture seemingly brainwash youth into doing whatever is considered â€Å"cool†. Transcendentalism is a powerful concept which should be acknowledged by myRead MoreDevelopment of Transcendentalism901 Words   |  4 Pageswhile philosophies of civil dispute and nonviolence may seem like a well-accepted idea today, many who fought for this type of negotiation were often considered radical for their introduction of it to society. Among those transcendentalists was Henry David Thoreau, who wrote â€Å"Civil Disobedience†, Mohandas Gandhi, who wrote â€Å"Satyagraha†, and Martin Luther King Jr., who wrote â€Å"Letters from Birmingham Jail†. Henry David Thoreau used the theory of transcendentalism in â€Å"Civil Disobedience.† These three transcendentalistsRead MoreEssay on Bartleby the Scrivener1515 Words   |  7 Pagesresistance Bartleby exhibits traps him physically and psychologically by surrounding him with â€Å"walls† the narrator symbolically describe s numerous times. The idea of transcendentalism arises from Bartleby’s civil disobedience. The notion of transcendentalism is expressed by Bartleby when he refuses to work and spreads the ideals of transcendentalism, yet he does not succeed in breaking free of society’s chains, instead he dies trying. In Melville’s story the use of repetition, symbolism, and imagery prove

Othello, By William Shakespeare - 894 Words

We endure struggles everyday with race that are no different than those that which occurred in Othello written by William Shakespeare. Throughout the play Othello, we see the struggles of a marriage that is not accepted by their society. Othello is a extremely cherished black general living in a primarily white community. The play begins with Othello secretly becoming married to a white woman named Desdemona. This reasons others who are white to become angry and excuse to dislike this black man further more than they already do. Othello is a downward spiral from love, to jealousy, to betrayal, and then ending in a massacre. Othello is perceived as one of the most important people in Venice, but he is still seen as an outsider. He is important because he is a good soldier. Othello is considered an outsider by his race. By Othello being the only black man in the white Venice society this put him at a disadvantage. In Act 1 scene 1 as soon as Iago discovered that Othello and Desdemona secretly got married Iago immediately began thinking of how he could destroy this marriage. Within the play Iago is the first to have such hatred towards Othello. Desdemona’s father, the Senator, Brabantio, of Venice disapproves of this marriage entirely. Desdemona is a beautiful white woman. These circumstances cause Iago to be the most villain like, evil-minded, and malicious character in all of Shakespeare’s plays. As Iago and Roderigo told the news to Brabantio about his daughterShow MoreRelatedOthello, By William Shakespeare957 Words   |  4 Pagesinnocent person kills himself while not knowing the truth. The best example of that would be the play Othello by the great William Shakespeare. As little as a handkerchief could make a difference if it is a symbol for something. In the play Othello by Shakespeare, handkerchief is first introduced by Othello to his beautiful mistress, Desdemona, as a sign of their love. At the end of the play what gets Othello to take extreme measures by the location of the handkerchief. As the symbol of the handkerchiefRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1599 Words   |  7 Pages William Shakespeare’s 16th century play Othello is a duplicitous and fraudulent tale set alternatingly between Venice in act 1, and the island of Cyprus thereafter. The play follows the scandalous marriage between protagonist Othello, a Christian moore and the general of the army of Venice, and Desdemona, a respected and intelligent woman who also happens to be the daughter of the Venetian Senator Brabantio. Shakespeare undoubtedly positions the marriage to be viewed as heroic and noble, despiteRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1218 Words   |  5 PagesIn a historical time period where emphasis was shifting from religion to race and ethnicity, key indicators of differences that perpetuated into racial prejudice and racial ideologies are evident in Othello by William Shakespeare. Although racism was not fully formed at this moment in history, Othello can be interpreted as a representation and an exploration of this shift in ideology. In the past, before this change to ward racial differences, religion was the major segretory factor in signifyingRead MoreOthello by William Shakespeare790 Words   |  3 PagesThroughout Othello by William Shakespeare, Othello makes numerous poor decisions due to his jealousy. Hitting Desdemona, trusting Iago, and killing Desdemona are among a few of the poor decisions that he makes. The word jealous can be defined as feeling or showing suspicion of someones unfaithfulness in a relationship. Othello feels suspicious of Desdemona’s and Cassio’s relationship because of the lies that Iago tells him. Many people try to tell Othello the truth but he only believes the wordsRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1923 Words   |  8 Pagesdissatisfaction or complication is shown. Firstly in Othello love is presented as ephemeral and transient while atonement love is presented as unrequited and finally in cat on a hot tin roof love is presented as painful and troublesome due to unreciprocated feelings. The tragic plot of Othello hinges on the potential of the villain, Iago, to deceive other characters, above all Roderigo and Othello, through encouraging them to misinterpret what they see. Othello is prone to Iago s ploys seeing that he himselfRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare941 Words   |  4 Pageswas Williams Shakespeare’s play Othello which depicts the tragedy of Othello, a Morris Captain. What is different about Shakespeare play is that the tragic hero is the black Othello and the villain a white Iago. Therefore, Shakespeare depiction of Othello as a tragic character and Iago as a villain, challenges Elizabethan’s stereotypes regarding individuals of African descent. Shakespeare challenges the stereotypical â€Å"type –casting of the black man† in Elizabethan society by depicting Othello asRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1152 Words   |  5 Pages‘Othello’ was a tragedy of incomprehension at the deepest level of human dealings as no one in the play came to an understanding of himself or any of the surrounding characters. The play ‘Othello’ by William Shakespeare focused on tragedy through the anguish of the main character ‘Othello’ which lead to the suffering and death of numerous characters including himself. Appearance Vs. Reality challenged human dealings within the play ‘Othello’ as no-one came to see anyone’s true self and no-one seesRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1178 Words   |  5 Pagesprofitable in condition of good and immorality. Othello is presented as good and Iago as evil, but Iago and Othello’s relationship also shares a distrust of their wives. The overall logical argument is based on love, jealousy and betrayal between two lovers that ultimately leads to their separation because of Iago’s evil plan. I am using this article to agree with Berry s view on how Iago separates two lovers just so he can take retaliation on Othello by manipulating everyone to unmasking their trueRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1825 Words   |  8 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s plays transcends time and is renowned for their captivating plots and complex characters. Othello by William Shakespeare is a tragedy play that portrays major themes such as racism, manipulation, and jealousy just to name a few. Throughout the whole play, these themes are represented through the conniving character from the play, Iago. Out of all the plays Shakespeare has written, Iago is believed to be the most complex villain of all times. During the play, Othello, a blackRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1140 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Othello† is a play written by William Shakespeare in 1603. In this play, Shakespeare features three major characters: Othello, Iago, and Desdemona. Othello, a black man , and Desdemona, a white venetian secretly eloped in the play. Iago shows racism and prejudice towards their relationship because of their skin colors. In the play, Iago says: â€Å"Even now, now, very now, an old black ram is tupping your white ewe. Arise, arise! Awake the snorting citizens with the bell, or else the devil will make a

Reflective Self Analysis as Learner-Kolb’s Experiential Learning Style

Question: Discuss about the Article for Reflective Self Analysis as a Learner. Answer: Introduction My major in Leicester International Pathway College is in Business Management. I have completed my foundation course and have studied modules such as for the purposes of Academics English, Accounting, Business Management, Economics, Business Functions and Study Skills. I am currently in the third term, which is the last term, of the foundation year. This foundation course has helped me, as an international student, in various important ways and aspects, which includes language and in particular helped me get a better grasp in my subject of major which is Business Management. Studying in the foundation course of the college has had various benefits over all, since they are designed for international students who may face challenges that are unique this course has aided my to these special needs, like in the field of language. It has been tailored in a manner that it ensures that I am ready academically and also confident personally to be able to take the undergraduate course in the De Montfort University. Since the standards of education are very different in the UK as compared to my home country, this course has aided to level out the difference and familiarize with the learning methods, teaching methods, hours of study, etc. that is there in the UK with that which is there in my country. This foundation course has helped me move forward towards my major. Language is a daunting aspect being an international student. This foundation course has helped me become more focused by providing training in English for academic purposes that will help even in my future degrees. Further the foundation degree has helped not only in studying the core common modules which are there but also modules that are focused in the areas of academics which will help with my chose structure of Business Management for my majors in college. As a foundation course graduate there is an upper-hand which is there as compared to those students who are entering straight from their schools for higher education. Since these courses were taught in the manner of the university style of teaching with tutorials, seminars, classes and lecture. They have prepared me for the studies in future in the universities. Foundation course also ensures that there is time for me to settle into the university program for the full degree. It also ensured that I would be able to settle int o not just the academic life but also my personal life. It also put in touch with those international who are or would be facing similar situations like me. It has ensured that I have a better foundation in the university before the start of the course. Learning Methods There are various types learning methods which are used in a learning environment. One of these methods is the Kolbs experiential learning style theory is one of them, it represented typically by a learning cycle which is in four stages wherein it is required by the learner to be able to touch all the four bases (Kolb and Kolb 2005). The first base is that of Concrete Experience, an experience of a situation which is new is encountered or there is an interpretation of the experience which already exists. The second base is that of Reflective Observation which means an experience which is completely new. The most important aspect here is whether there exists any inconsistency between understanding and experience. The third base is of Abstract Conceptualization which means reflection which leads to there being ideas that are new or modifying of concepts that are already in existence. The fourth base if Active Experimentation which means there is applicability by the learner in the world which surrounds to understand the results that it would generate (Gibbs 1988). Another method of learning is the Gibbs reflective cycle, in which encouragement is given to be able to think in a manner that is systematic about the phases of an activity or an experience, all the headings are to be used for structuring the reflection. The reflective cycle (Gibbs 1988) The reflective cycle of Gibbs is very important in aiding in thinking through the various phases of an activity or experience. The first phase is that of Description meaning thereby describing what had happened. The second phase is that of Feelings meaning thereby what was felt or though at the time. The third phase is that of Evaluation what bad or good resulted out of the experience. The fourth phase is that of Conclusion, which includes what else could also have been done. Learning Methods Experienced There are different learning methods which have been experienced by me during my foundation course. I have been taught through analyzing different experience, past, present, including putting me through new experiences throughout the learning process. This has been ensured through tutorials, presentations, debates, assignments, etc. That have aided in the analysis of the various situations presented before me. The foundation course has ensured that I become an independent learner as well as work within teams. It has helped me understand how essays and presentations are to be made so that the same meets the university standards. Further being an international student this course has familiarized me with the high education system that exists in the UK especially in the university making me more prepared for the classes and course work that will take place here. Studying Business Management module in the foundation course has given me a clear picture about how my course in the Bachelor degree will be and it enlighten me also about the business studies in general Comparative Analysis Comparing the learning methods that is there in Saudi Arabia, which is my home country, and here. There is quite a lot of difference which is there. In the teaching and learning methods there is an extensive use of technology which is not the case back in Saudi Arabia. I have found the use of technology aids in making learning much more comfortable and easy. Further email communication is also another aspect which is more prevalent here as compared to in the UK and this mode of communication is much more professional and faster. Improvements Required There are certain areas which I need to improvise in which are that of my listening skills and my ability to be able to take notes. In my opinion these are the areas that I am lacking in and which need to be improved for ensuring that it does not create a hindrance once I begin my majors in the university. One way that I hope to enhance these skills is by listening to the lectures in Ted-Talks three times and week and taking down the important notes for these lectures. Conclusion Conclusively it can be stated that this foundation course has been extremely important in not only assisting with getting a familiarity with the learning and teaching method of the university including in the area of my major. But also helping me settle down in the university prior to the beginning of the course. References Gibbs, G. (1988).Gibbs a guide to teaching and learning methods. Ofxord. Kolb, A. and Kolb, D. (2005). Learning Styles and Learning Spaces: Enhancing Experiential Learning in Higher Education.Academy of Management Learning Education, 4(2), pp.193-212.

Cross-Cultural Analysis on Japanese Culture for Norwegian Wood

Question: Discuss about theCross-Cultural Analysis on Japanese Culture for Norwegian Wood. Answer: Cross-cultural experiences among various groups of people including countries play a significant role in making the world a global village. Cross-cultural encounters are significantly taking shape across the world and at a fast rate than ever before. The purpose of this paper is to critically analyze the Japanese culture as it is influenced by the western culture through the perspective of Haruki Murakami in his book Norwegian Wood. Further, this report will conduct an analysis of cross-cultural interactions with respect to examples as they appear in his book by use of quotes. Murakamis book presents several cultural aspects which are inconsistent with Japanese culture. His book contains words that are written in western languages which present a good platform for analyzing his works based on cross-cultural communication and the influence of globalization. Additionally, the report examines how cross-cultural influence plays a significant role in composing his book. According to Karat ani, it is Murakami perspective that brings an understanding of Japanese culture through various critics if different background across the world.[1] Oshima argues that the Japanese society is known for its deep-rooted culture that occasionally blends with the western culture. Western civilization in Japan began when a policy was drafted during the Meiji era.[2] This was a time when Japan considered the western approaches were important to their culture for them to be able to compete with the rest of the world. Some of this methods and accomplishments were related to science, culture and technology. The Japanese culture continues to play a significant part in fostering cross-cultural communication. Murakamis work offers an opportunity for engagement between western culture and that of the Japanese people. Among other writers of his age, Murakami remains the most prolific writer whose works have made an important role in linking cross-cultural boundaries for the modern society. Across the world, Murakami has received immense recognition from readers and scholars of different backgrounds. Most readers and scholars view Murakamis literature in light of western influence. "When her lessons ended, we'd have tea and chat. Sometimes I'd show her certain jazz piano styles - like, this is Bud Powell, or this is Thelonious Monk p 183.[3] This statement in his book clearly indicates that jazz, which is not a type of music that originated in Japan, had already taken center stage and influenced many people including Murakami. Besides, some professional argue that Murakami consistently make references to literature that has its origin in Euro-American culture. Such references made by Murakami are crucial in examining the cross-cultural influence between western and Japanese culture since Murakami approach in his work and individual style is based upon western culture as opposed to Japanese culture based on Aoki sentiments.[4] Apart from the influence of western culture especially from the United States of America, there are other cultural aspects that have been expressed in Murakamis works which come from other countries. According to Bakhtin and the theory of intertextuality, these other examples are concrete examples to show that indeed Murakami plays a significant role in linking cross-cultural communication.[5] Language mimics aspects that go on in the society which is rooted deep in our culture. As a result, the Japanese culture borrows some expression from western culture. Some scholars such as Proshina point out that Japanese culture contains aspects of its long isolation although the Euro-American influence is quite distinct.[6] It is important to factor language as a means to communicate as well as recognition of a cultural code of a particular region. Whenever people speak, it is always a reflection of the society which is ingrained in the culture of people. There is extensive linguistic and cultural examination that exists in Murakamis fiction the Norwegian Wood that shows traces of cross-cultural aspects of the Japanese culture. There are consistent cross-cultural examples that can be found in Murakamis dialogue with the characters in his book. One particular instance is where Murakami paints the picture of lesbianism through the following quote "There there,' and she's got her arms around me and she's stroking my back, and soon I'm starting to feel very strange, my whole body is kind of hot. I mean, here's this picture-perfect beautiful girl and I'm on the bed with her, and we're hugging, and her hands are caressing my back in this incredibly sensual way that my own husband couldn't even begin to match, and I feel all the screws coming loose in my body every time she touches me, and before I know it she has my blouse and bra off and she's stroking my breasts. So that's when it finally hits me that she's an absolute dyed-in-the-wool lesbian p 186.[7] Lesbianism for a long time is associated with the western culture. In this instance we find that it is normal even in Japan indicating it began a while back when Reiko was in sixth-form. Remember, this was a thirteen-year-old girl who was doing this to Reiko who was older than her at the time. Hedgepeth mentions that Murakami can be said to have a notoriety of portraying his character in a western perspective that then sparks conversation about the environment that plays a critical role in cross-cultural communication.[8] Critics of Murakami argue that the plot of his book comes from the geographical context of other countries except for Japan. In Murakamis work, one will notice that most of the items mentioned in the book are not of Japanese origin. Among these things that make Muramakis work a great contribution in cross-cultural communication include music, cartoons, fine arts and philosophy according to Seats.[9] These items play a significant role as a prerequisite to the source of information that determines the geographical atmosphere of a particular group of people. Analyzing Murakamis work, the characters fall in communication with professionals of different background which contributes to the society acknowledging and appreciating them in the society. Besides, Murakamis work of fiction reflects cross-cultural aspects through literary devices along with English and other languages. Such are examples of cross-cultural communication of the influence of Japanese culture by foreign cultures. The characters in his book use English whenever they are referring to songs belonging to other countries. The expression of something through using another language is a clear indication that the native language is insufficient as it lacks proper words to explain certain items. Gottlieb insinuates that the reason for using lexical units for purposes of expressing an idea is a result of the concept being new to another culture. Also, by using a foreign word to express an idea is with the aim of making the point clear and helps one to drive the exact point in question. Some critics of Murakamis work say that the fiction book is based on globalization rather than the Japanese culture.[10] The fact that the book was translated into English does not imply that the meaning in what the original book has was altered in any way. The book does not mention the popular culture of the 60s but extensive make references to the culture throughout the book. The use of popular culture by Haruki Murakami is motivated by the need to bridge cross-cultural communication across the world. The Norwegian Wood focuses on Toru, Naoko and Midori who has been struggling with adulthood. These characters are Japanese yet the story revolves around foreign attributes with features of Japanese culture that paints the picture of a cross-cultural communication that Murakami envisioned when writing the fiction book. Murakamis work is an authentic piece although people have condemned it as being more of western culture rather than Japanese but Murakamis view is completely that of Japanese people and the characters used in the novel depict a story that can be told by most of the Japanese society. The bo ok does not whatsoever diminish the strong culture of the Japanese people but a blend of both their culture and influence of western culture.[11] The sharing of culture in Japanese increased after the Second World War and for this reason Muramaki attempted to make the novel easy for all people to understand the cross-cultural bridge. The extensive use of western culture in Murakamis work does not make the fiction book hegemonic. Despite critics, the fiction novel is written from a Japanese genre. This can be attested through the characters and setting in the 60s where students were largely influenced by the western culture. In this novel Haruki emphasizes on individualism through his characters such as Toru which compliments that western values in an ideal manner. It is important to note that while majority of the readers are reading the book based on the interpreters understanding of the Novel, it remains to be the thoughts and writings of Haruki Murakami. Strecher argues that even though some people might consider the translation to be a different from the perspective of the original novel, one cannot fail to see the bridge between two cultures that contributes to globalization.[12] Norwegian Wood is a typical cross-cultural illustration of authentic Japanese Culture. The translation of the novel actually brought ideal culture of the Japanese society into light through conflicting ideas from supporters and critics of Haruki Murakami at that time. Murakamis work will continue to play a significant role in bridging the gap between different cultures through authentic ideal of the Japanese society. Bibliography Aoki, T. (1996). Murakami Haruki and contemporary Japan. Richmond, Surrey, England: Curzon Press. Bakhtin, M. (1981). The dialogue imagination: Four essays. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press. Gottlieb, N. (2005). Language and society in Japan. New York: Cambridge University Press. Hedgepeth, M. (2001). Haruki Murakami and the new Japan. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press. Intercultural Communication. Intercultural Communication Studies XIX: 3. Karatani, K. (1998). Origins of modern Japanese literature. London: Duke University Press. Kuryleva, Lyubov A., Boeva, Svetlana A. (2010) Literary Texts by H. Murakami in Terms of Murakami, Haruki. (2000) Norwegian Wood. Vintage Books. Omer, A. Norwegian Wood. Evocative, Entertaining, Sexy and Funny; But The Murakami is one of the Best Writers Around. Time Out. Oshima, K. (2005). Gairaigo usage in Japan: From cultural controversy to a new analytical framework. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press. Proshina, Z. G. (2001). The English language and East-Asian culture. Vladivostok, Russia: Far Eastern National University. Seats, M. (2006). Murakami Haruki: The simulacrum in contemporary Japanese culture. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books. Strecher, M. C. (2002). Dances with sheep. The quest for identity in the fiction of Murakami Haruki. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.